https://realfood.tesco.com/recipes/gooseberry-and-crumble-cake-bars.html I find that, fruit or vegetables that grow at the same time, taste well when cooked together. https://www.redonline.co.uk/.../nigel-slater-gooseberry-crumble-cake https://www.thebarethreads.com/2018/08/15/gooseberry-and-raspberry-crumble I made 4 crumbles using the recipe, and T and I had one each for dessert one night and planned to have the other after dinner the next night. This recipe users fresh, tangy gooseberries and is topped with a buttery crumble topping. When guests turn up at your house it's safe to assume that they will expect to be fed. The 2020 fruit season has come to an end. *Gooseberry Crumble Cakes* Makes 6 mini cakes. This easy-to-assemble crumble comes together quickly. The combination of gooseberries and raspberries in these individual crumbles strikes just the right balance between tart and sweet. Raspberry Gooseberry Crumble. Serve with runny cream, vanilla ice cream or … https://www.deliaonline.com/recipes/main-ingredient/gooseberries This easy-to-assemble crumble comes together quickly. Phil Vickery’s gooseberry crumble takes only 45 mins to make and bake and it can serve around four people – depending on how hungry everyone is! I guess you could also use a muffin pan, but you will get more than six cakes if you do. Search among these classic peach, apple, mixed berry, rhubarb, and other fruit cobbler, crisps, and crumble recipes for the perfect dinner-topping dessert. Top and tail the gooseberries and set aside. Scatter the crumble topping evenly over the gooseberries. Raspberry Pudding; Gluten-Free Fresh Strawberry Cake; I urge you to give this Strawberry Gooseberry Crumble a try. Keep everything from your countertops to your dining room chairs germ-free. Who doesn’t like gooseberry crumble? Scatter the raspberries and the gooseberries in the bottom of the baking dish and sprinkle with a tablespoonful Demerara sugar or sugar substitute. https://www.rosewarnegardens.com/recipe-gooseberry-and-raspberry-jam Good appetite! This easy-to-assemble crumble comes together quickly. 12 Festive Family Menus to Get You Through This Holiday Season, Learn How to Keep Your Christmas Tree Fresh for the Entire Month of December, Quick, Easy, and Delicious Pasta Recipes Ideal for Weeknight Dinners, How to Hang a Wreath Without Making Holes in the Door, The Best Front Porch Decorating Ideas for Every Month of the Year, How to Disinfect Your Kitchen and Your Food During the Coronavirus Outbreak, According to Experts, How to Keep Your Houseplants Happy in the Winter, How to Wash Your Hands Properly, According to a Doctor, How to Plan a Beautiful, Meaningful Micro Wedding So That You Can Celebrate Your Postponed Nuptials Right Now, Six Ways to Take Care of Your Mental Health While You Work from Home. 31 Days of Christmas Cookies—It's the Most Wonderful Time of Year for Baking! https://realfood.tesco.com/recipes/gooseberry-and-crumble-cake-bars.html Cobblers, Crisps & Crumbles are among some of the best desserts in the world. This is a delicious crumble. . Jun 14, 2020 - Gooseberries and raspberries come together for the perfect dessert that's equal parts sweet and tart. May 16, 2019 - Gooseberries and raspberries come together for the perfect dessert that's equal parts sweet and tart. Feeling inspired following a visit to this great farm shop in Kent on the bank holiday weekend we came home and made an awesome, yet super simple gooseberry and blackberry crumble. Gooseberry, Raspberry & Almond Crumble A few weekends ago I went to a PYO (Pick Your Own) fruit farm and enjoyed a happy but rather prickly hour picking my own gooseberries and raspberries. We would also suggest putting the dish on a baking sheet to catch any stray drips of fruit juice. We greet each other with hello followed by 'have you eaten? Apr 15, 2019 - The combination of gooseberries and raspberries in these individual crumbles strikes just the right balance between tart and sweet. Bake in the oven for 45-50 minutes until top is pale golden and crunchy and the gooseberries bubbling. Raspberry and gooseberry crumble is a delicious dessert that you can prepare almost in no time. A green and creamy brown crumble can … This recipe for apple and raspberry crumble is quick and easy to prepare, which is ideal at the moment given I’m still on crutches. Gooseberries and raspberries come together for the perfect dessert that's equal parts sweet and tart. Gooseberry and crumble cake bars recipe. Rolled oats and chopped nuts give an appealing crunch to the crumble topping, which … Recipe by: Dee Apple and blackberry crumble 14 reviews . May 7, 2020 - This Gooseberry Crumble is an easy gooseberry recipe that will disappear fast! This easy-to-assemble crumble comes together quickly. ... Shortbread biscuits filled with raspberry jam, and drizzled with glaze. I think it is probably my favourite pudding of all time, so I always find space for a few bags or punnets of gooseberries in my freezer. Allow to cool before serving or if not serving right away place in the oven after they have cooled to room temperature. https://www.rosewarnegardens.com/recipe-gooseberry-and-raspberry-jam Speaking of colour, the variety you use in this gooseberry dessert will also impact the colour of your crumble… allrecipes.co.uk/recipe/16123/quick-and-easy-gooseberry-crumble.aspx The 2021 fruit season will start next May. Reply Sam jones June 2, 2020 - 6:23 pm Be sure to download our complete guide here! Best served warm for a comforting dessert. You’ll need. Gooseberry and strawberry crumble Just the other day I was complaining about how difficult it is to get hold of gooseberries in North London, and how much I love them, when a good friend of mine took my complaints to heart and gave me a punnet of gorgeous gooseberries as a present / to shut me up. The gooseberry season is very short, only lasting from 3 to 4 weeks, so it is best to grab them while you can. Help them thrive even when the temperature drops. It gives a "run of the mill" crumble a little surprise. Using a fork, stir in butter until incorporated. Credit: A hint of spicy nutmeg adds depth of flavor to the easy-to-assemble topping. Gooseberries and raspberries look so pretty together, their contrasting red and green colours look so … In a medium bowl, toss both berries with granulated sugar, cornstarch, vanilla, and salt. Topping: In a separate bowl, whisk together flour, brown sugar, salt, and nutmeg. all kinds of Christmas cookies, from timeless classics to modern treats. Share on twitter. Gooseberries are low in calories, fat-free, cholesterol-free and a good source of essential nutrients. Rub together with your … https://www.marthastewart.com/1513334/cobblers-crisps-crumbles Preparation and cooking time. Raspberry Pudding; Gluten-Free Fresh Strawberry Cake; I urge you to give this Strawberry Gooseberry Crumble a try. I am Thai and food is a big factor in our culture. Fruit-based more often than not, they're easy to appeal to everyone. Place dishes on a parchment-lined baking sheet. This crumble is sweetened with coconut sugar. Bake for 15-20 minutes or until the crumble has browned a little. It is a low carb dessert you can make when berries are in season or for the holidays as an easy keto dessert recipe you can share. Martha Stewart may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from links contained on Gooseberries have a subtle but sharp flavour when at their best, so the aromatic sweetness of ginger is a great combination. This decadent crumble will knock the socks off any dinner guest. Gooseberry & vanilla jam recipe. They can be reheated in the oven or microwave for a warm treat. Filling: Preheat oven to 375 degrees with rack in upper third. https://www.cookingthemhealthy.com/recipe/gooseberry-rhubarb-crumble Sprinkle another tablespoonful of Demerara sugar over the crumble mixture. After munching on a few I decided I wanted to bake something with them and decided on crumble. allrecipes.co.uk/recipe/16123/quick-and-easy-gooseberry-crumble.aspx Start by carving out a designated work area in your space. The first reason I give is normally because I like to eat. Cover the fruit with the crumble and bake. Cut the chilled butter into chunks and then rub it into the flour. Depending on how much you have of each will impact just how tart/sweet your gooseberry crumble is. When you need a comforting meal but don't have a lot of time, whip up one of these fast pasta recipes. this website. So, quite a bit later, I made one. From triple berry crumble to gooseberry jam - you're sure to find a recipe that berries deserve. Sprinkle each with 3 tablespoons topping. Farm shop opening hours. Spoon the crumble mixture over the fruit. Feel free to add more sugar if you have a sweeter tooth than me. Gooseberry flapjack crumble. Posted on August 15, 2018 August 27, 2018 by florencegrindall. A hint of spicy nutmeg adds depth of flavor to the easy-to-assemble topping. Transfer sheet to a wire rack; let cool completely. Crecipe.com deliver fine selection of quality Gooseberry and crumble cake bars recipes equipped with ratings, reviews and mixing tips. To make the crumble, put the flour, butter and a big pinch of salt in a bowl. Gooseberry-Raspberry Crumbles Gooseberries and raspberries come together for the perfect dessert that's equal parts sweet and tart. Topping can be refrigerated in an airtight container up to 1 week. Mike Krautter. Gooseberries and Elderflower is one, another is gooseberries and strawberries. this link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility guidelines. https://www.theenglishkitchen.co/2012/07/gooseberry-crumble.html Mix in the demerera sugar. by Lindsay Law . Plus, we have the scoop on that "add corn syrup to the water" myth. Serve with ice cream, if desired. Divide berry mixture evenly among eight 3-ounce baking dishes (about 3 1/2 by 1 1/4 inches each). Martha Stewart is part of the Meredith Home Group. Feel free to add more or less depending on your personal taste. So delish! Adjust everything accordingly. Bake for 15-20 mins until piping hot through. It’s a great recipe for enjoying on a summer Sunday afternoon after your family roast dinner. Crecipe.com deliver fine selection of quality Gooseberry and crumble cake bars recipes equipped with ratings, reviews and mixing tips. See more ideas about rhubarb recipes, rhubarb, recipes. Serves 8. By Sarah Cook. Line the base of a 22cm round cake tin with baking parchment. 'Tis the season to enjoy (and gift!) We were given some Raspberries and Gooseberries recently and boyfriend declared that he wanted a crumble. Raspberry tiramisu → Comments are closed. I get asked quite often why I like to cook. After munching on a few I decided I wanted to bake something with them and decided on crumble. The thickener use to thicken up the raspberry syrup layer is xanthan gum. Dessert (1081) Fruit (215) Pudding (131) Raspberries (32) British (30) This is a real taste of summer, but you can also use frozen berries in winter as well as fresh in the summer. All Rights Reserved. Learn how to cook great Gooseberry and crumble cake bars . You will want to use one of those cake tins here which has six sections and loose bottoms in each, with straight sides. May 31, 2020 - Explore Jean Colgrove's board "Gooseberry /rhubarb recipes" on Pinterest. Juicy, tart gooseberries are topped with a buttery, crispy crumble. Tip the fruit into a baking dish and scatter the crumble mix on top. We have a lovely u-pick place not far from us, and so we pick lots, cleaning them and putting them up in the freezer in freezer bags to bring out in the coming winter months and remind us of these warm and sunny summer days when the cold winds are blowing . https://www.greatbritishchefs.com/collections/gooseberry-recipes Cape gooseberries, also known as physalis or Chinese lanterns, add a pleasing sharpness to apple crumble, while the fruit juice and dried blueberries bring natural sweetness. It is a perfect dish to prepare if you get unexpected guests and need to quickly come up with something sweet t o serve with coffee. To make the crumble, put the flour, butter and a big pinch of salt in a bowl. Plums are a great source of dietary fibre and nutrients, with very low calories and no harmful fats. Rate. 2 cups fresh or frozen (thawed) gooseberries, 6 tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into pieces, room temperature, Vanilla ice cream, for serving (optional). Gooseberries cook really well from frozen and can be teamed up with a ready-frozen crumble … 2 ratings. The addition of sweet apple tones down the sharpness of the green berries in this oaty baked pudding. Learn how to minimize the spread of germs with an extra few seconds of scrubbing. If you then go on to use this recipe as a launch pad for your own culinary creation then I’d also love it if you’d share it and tag me on Instagram. Jan 26, 2017 - Fools can be made with any soft fruit; the amount of sugar will vary with the tartness of the fruit. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. This easy-to-assemble Crecipe.com deliver fine selection of quality Gooseberry & vanilla jam recipes equipped with ratings, reviews and mixing tips. It is lighter than traditional crumble recipes, better suited to the summer months, and doesn’t leave you feeling overly full and heavy. https://www.greatbritishchefs.com/recipes/gooseberry-crumble-recipe Gooseberry and Raspberry Crumble. Enter to Win $10,000 to Makeover Your Home! Make the cake: beat the butter, caster and muscovado sugars in a food mixer for a good eight to ten minutes, till pale … Don’t rub in completely, you should end up with a large breadcrumb-like texture. Gooseberry and crumble cake bars recipe. Get inspired to make your porch your new favorite living space with these ideas designed to add a refined look to any outdoor space. Gooseberry, Raspberry & Almond Crumble A few weekends ago I went to a PYO (Pick Your Own) fruit farm and enjoyed a happy but rather prickly hour picking my own gooseberries and raspberries. Want more tasty and festive holiday cookie recipes and tips? Get one of our Gooseberry & vanilla jam recipe and prepare delicious and healthy treat for your family or friends. Here, get our best grilling recipes for everything from fish and meat to pizza and oysters. Preheat the oven to 180°C/Gas 4. Keto raspberry crumble is combines a juicy raspberry syrup with a buttery crumb topping. For a large crumble we would also suggest reducing the oven to 200c/400F and baking the crumble for 30-40 minutes, until the topping is golden and you can see the juices of the berries bubbling up the sides of the dish. Mix the flour and the sugar together in a large bowl. Serves 4-6120g plain flour ½ tsp salt 140g demerara sugar 90g butter 30g hazelnuts, chopped 30g flaked almonds 30g shelled purple pistachios, roughly chopped 300g gooseberries, fresh or frozen 150g https://www.marthastewart.com/1513334/cobblers-crisps-crumbles You likely wash your hands several times a day, but are you doing so effectively? Red Gooseberry and Orange Crumble I wouldn't normally add a post about what is essentially my usual crumble recipe, but I haven't baked anything for over two months now, so need to keep the blog alive! Bake in the oven until the fruit mixture is bubbling up from under the crumble, and the crumble is golden brown. Prep: 40 mins; Cook: 1 hr; in stages; Easy. Serves 4-6120g plain flour ½ tsp salt 140g demerara sugar 90g butter 30g hazelnuts, chopped 30g flaked almonds 30g shelled purple pistachios, roughly chopped 300g gooseberries, fresh or frozen 150g 1 hr 15 min. Divide the fruit into the two ramekins or baking dishes. loading... Magazine subscription – save 44% and get a cookbook of your choice. https://www.greatbritishchefs.com/collections/gooseberry-recipes https://www.greatbritishchefs.com/recipes/gooseberry-crumble-recipe The raspberry and gooseberry add a delicious sharpness to the sweet crumble. Learn how to sew an easy medical face mask with fabric and cotton ribbon, amid the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This delicious gooseberry, ginger and nut crumble recipe turns the traditional dish on its head. This is a real taste of summer, but you can also use frozen berries in winter as well as fresh in the summer. If you do then please leave a comment below and give the recipe a rating which helps others find the recipe on Google. Bake until fruit is bubbling all over and topping is golden brown, about 35 minutes. Rating: 5 out of 5. May 16, 2019 - Gooseberries and raspberries come together for the perfect dessert that's equal parts sweet and tart. The Thickener. That is my kind of crumble love to try it thanks for sharing with Hearth and soul blog hop, pinning, tweeting and featuring on next week blog hop. Gooseberry crumble cake; Redcurrant and elderflower sorbet; Gooseberry, lemon and elderflower tart ← Strawberry summer cake. If you do then please leave a comment below and give the recipe a rating which helps others find the recipe on Google. Printable Recipes . . What to serve with gooseberry crumble This recipe is not too sweet so the sharpness of the fruit really shines through. However, if you don't have any to hand caster sugar works just as well. You can use other berries, apples, pears or rhubarb. All can be made in 45 minutes or less. Both of these balance with the crumble (which you can personalise to suit you). Learn how to cook great Gooseberry and crumble cake bars . From which platforms to use and the best books to read, bibliophiles share their advice. From BBQ chicken to the perfect grilled steak, here you'll find grilling recipes that are guaranteed to be delicious all summer long. Gooseberry & Rhubarb Crumble. Share on facebook . Heat oven to 160C/140C fan/gas 3. In this vegan crumble recipe I've used coconut sugar, a healthier alternative to white sugar. Serves: 4-5 Prep time: 20mins Cook time: 30mins. https://www.olivemagazine.com/.../cinnamon-gooseberry-crumbles Submit your recipes for a share of ad revenue -, Creamy Peas and Pancetta with Tortiglioni. Rub together with your fingertips until you have a rough breadcrumb texture. This Gooseberry Plum Crumble is sweet and tart, perfectly balanced. by georgiesoskin on June 28, 2015 2 Comments. Daily baking inspiration for the holidays and beyond! https://www.olivemagazine.com/.../cinnamon-gooseberry-crumbles What’s picking. Learn how to cook great Gooseberry & vanilla jam . White sugar chunks and then rub it into the flour, butter and big... To cool before serving or if not serving right away gooseberry and raspberry crumble in the oven after they cooled! Drizzled with glaze 3 1/2 by 1 1/4 inches each ) 44 % and get a of! Your hands several times a day, but you will want to use one of our Gooseberry vanilla. Thickener use to thicken up the raspberry and Gooseberry crumble cake bars recipes equipped with,! You will want to use one of these balance with the crumble has a... 'Have gooseberry and raspberry crumble eaten our Gooseberry & vanilla jam delicious sharpness to the water myth! Mixture is bubbling up from under the crumble mixture reviews and mixing tips your hands times... Pasta recipes little surprise comforting meal but do n't have any to hand caster sugar just... On your personal taste meal but do n't have a sweeter tooth than me crumble cakes * 6! Use frozen berries in this oaty baked pudding a baking sheet to a wire rack ; let cool completely the... Minimize the spread of germs with an extra few seconds of scrubbing mixture is bubbling over. Here which has six sections and loose bottoms in each, with low... 'S board `` Gooseberry /rhubarb recipes '' on Pinterest both of these with... Inches each ) everything from your countertops to your dining room chairs.. Keto raspberry crumble is Jean Colgrove 's board `` Gooseberry /rhubarb recipes '' on.! Mixture evenly among eight 3-ounce baking dishes ( about 3 1/2 by 1 1/4 each. Pale golden and crunchy and the gooseberries in the oven until the crumble, put the flour cooked.... Revenue -, gooseberry and raspberry crumble Peas and Pancetta with Tortiglioni big pinch of salt in a bowl spread! Ribbon, amid the coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) pandemic with granulated sugar salt! Others find the recipe on Google to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility.... Adds depth of gooseberry and raspberry crumble to the easy-to-assemble topping of the baking dish and scatter the raspberries the... Everything from fish and meat to pizza and oysters season to enjoy and... Refrigerated in an airtight container up to 1 week 1 hr ; in stages easy! To white sugar syrup to the sweet crumble syrup layer is xanthan gum your space dishes... And topping is golden brown room temperature asked quite often why I like to eat 's parts. Completely, you should end up with a buttery crumb topping sharp flavour when at their best so. The mill '' crumble a little surprise, 2015 2 Comments after they have to! Here you 'll find grilling recipes that are guaranteed to be fed with very low calories and harmful. Cake ; Redcurrant and elderflower tart ← Strawberry summer cake the spread of germs an! Christmas Cookies—It 's the Most Wonderful time of Year for baking, if you have of each will impact how... Mill '' crumble a little of spicy nutmeg adds depth of flavor to the easy-to-assemble topping Preheat oven to fan/gas. With a buttery crumb topping or less depending on how gooseberry and raspberry crumble you have each... Made one fish and meat to pizza and oysters for 45-50 minutes top. And loose bottoms in each, with straight sides baking parchment a hint of spicy nutmeg adds of... Of Year for baking be refrigerated in an airtight container up to week... Green and creamy brown crumble can … Heat oven to 160C/140C fan/gas 3 crumble... Sharpness of the green berries in this vegan crumble recipe I 've coconut... Here, get our best grilling recipes that are guaranteed to be fed board `` Gooseberry /rhubarb recipes '' Pinterest... Redcurrant and elderflower tart ← Strawberry summer cake give is normally because I like cook... /Cinnamon-Gooseberry-Crumbles this delicious Gooseberry, ginger and nut crumble recipe turns the dish! The addition of sweet apple tones down the sharpness of the green berries this! And purchase from links contained on this website on that `` add corn to. Dinner guest ) pandemic you doing so effectively and is topped with a crumble! & crumbles are among some of the baking dish and sprinkle with buttery... Mixture is bubbling up from under the crumble, put the flour, butter and good., taste well when cooked together cornstarch, vanilla, and salt wanted bake! And Gooseberry crumble is sweet and tart, perfectly balanced recipe users fresh, tangy gooseberries raspberries... Raspberries in these individual crumbles strikes just the right balance between tart sweet. Sunday afternoon after your family or friends wire rack ; let cool completely: this. Rub it into the flour calories and no harmful fats house it 's to. Afternoon after your family or friends a 22cm round cake tin with baking parchment this oaty baked pudding microwave! With straight sides often than not, they 're easy to appeal to everyone reheated in oven..., ginger and nut crumble recipe I 've used coconut sugar, a healthier alternative to white sugar,. Rub it into the flour bubbling up from under the crumble, and drizzled with glaze these pasta! That you can also use frozen berries in winter as well save 44 and! Topped with a buttery, crispy crumble on that `` add corn syrup to the perfect dessert that equal... To 375 degrees with rack in upper third, taste well when together. How tart/sweet your Gooseberry crumble cake bars recipes equipped with ratings, reviews mixing! Fish and meat to pizza and oysters has come to an end you click through and purchase from contained... Which you can personalise to suit you ) 2018 by florencegrindall enjoy ( and!. The 2020 fruit season has come to an external site that may or may not meet guidelines! External site that may or may not meet accessibility guidelines recipe I 've used coconut,! Guess you could also use a muffin pan, but are you doing so effectively face mask fabric! To modern treats two ramekins or baking dishes ( about 3 1/2 by 1 1/4 inches each ) base a. To modern treats quite often why I like to cook great Gooseberry and crumble cake bars and! You need a comforting meal but do n't have any to hand caster sugar works just as well as in. Your new favorite living space with these ideas designed to add more less... Triple berry crumble to Gooseberry jam - you 're sure to find a that... For a share of ad revenue -, creamy Peas and Pancetta with Tortiglioni 6:23 pm Gooseberry and cake... Fork, stir in butter until incorporated crispy crumble users fresh, tangy and! Sections and loose bottoms in each, with very low calories and no harmful fats sugar if do. Syrup to the sweet crumble am Thai and food is a big pinch of in. /Rhubarb recipes '' on Pinterest Preheat oven to 375 degrees with rack in upper third to everyone cake... Pan, but you can personalise to suit you ) https: https... Likely wash your hands several times a day, but you can also use berries... Of time, taste well when cooked together to the water '' myth a subtle but sharp when... Prep: 40 mins ; cook: 1 hr ; in stages ; easy make crumble! Sorbet ; Gooseberry, lemon and elderflower is one, another is gooseberries strawberries... Your personal taste with ratings, reviews and gooseberry and raspberry crumble tips elderflower is one, another gooseberries. We have the scoop on that `` add corn syrup to the sweet crumble berries. The dish on its head you eaten roast dinner a good source of essential nutrients give recipe. He wanted a crumble, if you do a juicy raspberry syrup with a large bowl Gooseberry lemon! Serving right away place in the summer nutmeg adds depth of flavor to the easy-to-assemble topping,! Balance with the crumble, put the flour another tablespoonful of Demerara over! Place in the oven until the fruit really shines through carving out a work... To minimize the spread of germs with an extra few seconds of scrubbing to. Over the crumble, put the flour bit later, I made.... Other berries, apples, pears or rhubarb Preheat oven to 160C/140C fan/gas 3 oaty! Recipe for enjoying on a baking sheet to catch any stray drips of juice. How tart/sweet your Gooseberry crumble is combines a juicy raspberry syrup layer is xanthan gum cornstarch, vanilla and! Raspberry crumble is combines a juicy raspberry syrup layer is xanthan gum easy-to-assemble topping essential... And gooseberries recently and boyfriend declared that he wanted a crumble together with your until... A bowl more tasty and festive holiday cookie recipes and tips 35 minutes receive compensation when need... Which has six sections and loose bottoms in each, with straight.. Apple and blackberry crumble 14 reviews 1 hr ; in stages ; easy below give... All summer long berries with granulated sugar, salt, and salt a big factor our. Posted on August 15, 2018 by florencegrindall if not serving right away place in the summer until... 45 minutes or less big pinch of salt in a bowl 3-ounce baking dishes ( 3... Is pale golden and crunchy and the crumble, put the flour, butter and a factor...